Internal-combustion engine.



No. 798,995. PATENTED SEPT. 5, 1905,

J. F. DURYBA. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 12, 1904.

UNITED STATES JAMES FRANK DURYEA, OF SPRINGFIELD,

PATENT ai men.

MASSACHUSETTS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5, 1905.

Application filed December 12, 1904. Serial No. 236,505.

the construction of multiple-cylinderinternalcombustion engines. In constructing engines of this class for certain purposes, notably for i use in connection with self-propelled vehicles, it has been found necessary,in order to properly protect the mechanism, to provide a tubular'or hollow base within which the cranki shaft and the cam-shaft (which latter operates the inlet and exhaust valves) are located and on which base the cylinders are mounted. This necessitates the disposition of the camshaft in alinement with the axis of the crankshaft and the location of the fly-wheel outside of the tubular base. In the construction of self-propelled vehicles economical utilization of space is necessary and the fly-wheel usually must be located close to the end of the tubul'ar engine-base. At some point on the base (in all water-cooled engines) a pump must be mounted to circulate water through the cylinder-jackets and the cooling device which constitute part of the equipment. Because of the inclosing of the moving parts of the motor in the base thereof it has been found difiicult to provide a compact construction which shall include the pump and a suitable driving connection with some part of the engine whereby the pump may be actuated.

The objectof the present invention is to provide an improved construction of an engine of the type described in which connection may be made through the wall of the engine-base with a moving part within said base whereby means are provided to drive the pump and at the same time actuate the commutator of he electric ignition device for the varioiiscylinders, the construction being so arranged as to permit the removal, if need be, of this actuating-shaft without opening the engine-base.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the drawings accompanying this application, in which I Figure 1 is a side elevation of a multiple-- cylinder engine and the tubular base on which the cylinder is mounted, a portion of the flywheel being broken away to show the driving connection with the cam-shaft. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken in the plane of line 2 2, Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow, certain parts in the plane of this section being shown in full lines.

Referring to the drawings, the cylinders of the engine are indicated by (I, 7), c, and d, which form part of or are mounted on the upper part of a longitudinally-divided tubular base a, a dividing-line of the two parts of this base being indicated at f, the edges of the base at this point being flanged and secured together by bolts g. This base at the left-hand end thereof is closed, the opposite end being open and provided with a flange h, to which a clutch-casing (not shown) may be bolted. Th rough the closed end of this casing the end of the crank-shaftj extends, on which is secured the fly-wheel I this latter being provided with a flange 112.

On the hub n of the fly-wheel is secured a' a second gear p,

gear 0, which meshes with which is mounted on the end of the cam-shaft g, which, like the crank-shaftj, also extends through the closed end of the engine-base. These gears 0 and p are located within the overhanging flange m of the fly-wheel. On the cam-shaft q the usual cams may be secured, whereby inlet and exhaust valves of each cylinder may be operated at the proper time, the stems only of these valves being shown and indicated, respectively, by the letters r and s.

As is usual in internal-combustion engines of the four-cycle type, the gears 0 and p are of such relative proportion that the cam-shaft will rotate at one-half the speed of the crankshaft j, and obviously the make and break of the electrical circuit (whereby the ignition devices associated with each cylinder are operated) must be in time with the crank-shaft which operates the valves. Therefore a shaft 14 is located transversely of the cam-shaft q and rotated thereby at equal speed with said cam-shaft by means of the spiral gears '11 and w, w being on the'cam-shaft. On the end of this shaft (both ends of which extend through the walls of the engine) is located a commutator w of a well-known type, whereby at the proper time an electrical circuit is closed and the ignition of the combustible is effected in each of the cylinders successively to maintain the proper sequence of combustion of the explosive mixture introduced into these cylinders. By means of the lever 5 the usual-reg ulation of the contact-points in the commutator may be effected to advance or retard the time of ignition in the,cylinders relative to the position of the pistons therein. This commutator is secured to the end of the shaft "u, the latter extending through and rotating in a bushing 6, which is removably secured in the wall of the base 0 by a set-screw 7 or other device. The opposite end of the shaft u,which, as stated, extends through the wall ofthe engine-base, actuates the w ater-circulating pump 8. The casing of this pump is made with a hollow huh 9, which extends through an opening in the wall of the casing and is removably secured therein, this hub being tubular. Axially of this hub and removably secured therein is a sleeve or hearing 10, through which the shaft'u extends, said shaft passing through a packing-gland 12 on the inner end of the hub 9, this gland serving to prevent water being forced into the engine-base by back pressure from the pump-8.

The pump shown herein, is of the rotary type, the movable parts or memberl t thereof being secured to the end of'the shaft u, as shown-in Fig. 2. The pump is connected with the cylinders in the usual manner, (the connections not being shown,) and connected into this circulatory system is the usual water' cooling device which, as is well known, constitutes part of the equipment of engines of the type herein referred to and is not shown in the drawings.

By constructing the commutator-shaft in the manner described and by mounting the pump relative thereto to be actuated thereby substantially in the manner described it is possible should the occasion require it to dismount the commutator-shaft andreplace it again in operative relation to the cam-shaft without opening the base of the engine, and this is highly advantageous when the permanency of the construction and installation of the engine in its operative position in theframe of the vehicle is considered.

To dismount the shaftu, it is necessary only to loosen the connection of the commutator on the shaft n to release fromits position in the wall of the casing the long hub 9 of the pumpcasing. Then the water connections between the pump and the cylinders being broken, the pump, together with the shaft it and the spiral gear w, may be withdrawn through the opening in the casing in which the hub 9 is fitted, said hub having a slightly larger diameter than the gear '1'.

By means of the hereinsdescribed construction it becomes possible to locate the commutator :1: and the pump 8 on the tubular enginebase, whereby they may be rigidly supported and in a position where they will be easily accessible, and it provides practically the only means available for driving the commutatorshaft from the cam-shaft with a positive connection, as the cam-shaft is entirely inclosed within the base and as there is no room at either end of the base to make connections either with said cam-shaft or with the crank shaft j.

Having. thus described my invention, What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In an internal-combustion engineiof the class described, acylinder, ahollow base therefor to inclose the crank-shaft and the valveoperating cam-shaft, another shaft extending through the wall of said gear connection with a moving part of the engine within said base, and .a pump operatively connected to the end of the shaft outside of the base.

2; In an internal-combustion engine of the class described, a cylinder, ahollow base thereforto inclose the crank-shaft and the valveoperating cam-shaft, another shaft extending and crank shafts and having a positive driving connection with one of them, and apump operatively connected with the end of said base.

3. In an internal-combustion engine of the class described, acylinder, ahollow base therefor to inclose'the crank-shaft and the valve operating cam-shaft, another shaft extending through said base and beyond each wall thereof at right angles to the crank and cam shafts and having a positive driving connection with the cam-shaft to rotate at the same speed as the latter; a pump operatively connected 'to shaft which extends beyond the wall of, the' base and having a I through said base at right angles to the cam one end of said shaft outside the base, and a commutator for the electric ignition device operatively connected to the opposite end of said shaft outside the base.

4. In an internahcombustion engine of the class desc'ribed, a tubular engine-base, a plurality of cylinders thereon and pistons therein, a cam-shaft and a crank-shaft in said base common to all the pistons, said crank and cam shafts extending through the closed end of said base; a fly-wheel on the end of the crankshaft outside the. base, and gear connections between the shaft; a shaft extending through the basetransversely of said crank and cam shafts and having a po.,'

tive connection with the latter to rotate at the same speed, and a pump on one end of said shaft outside the base, said transverse shaft being removable through the opening in the base in which it is located. 5. In an internal-combustion engine of the class described, a hollow base-for the cylinder to inclose the moving parts of the engine, sai parts comprising a valve-actuating cam-shaft; another shaft, transversely located relative'to l the cam-shaft and extending through and behub of the fly-wheel and cani yond the opposite Walls of the base and havlatter being removable through the opening ing" a positive driving connection with said I in the wall of said base in which it has them-- cam-shaft to rotate at the same rate of speed; i ing.

a pump operatively connected with one end JAMES FRANK DURYEA. of said transverse shaft, and a commutator Q Witnesses:

for an electric ignition device operatively con- 1 K. I. ()LEMoNs, nected with the other end of said shaft, the I NM. H. CHAPIN. 

